Mary and Āsiyah, Pharaoh’s wife.
(Trade and Sale in the Inward Application)
He said, “whom trade does not distract,” meaning trade does not occupy them, “nor sale” [al-Nur 24:37]. Trade is selling and buying together, whereas sale is selling alone. He praised them for trade, which is selling and buying in whatever God has commanded them to trade.
God Most High said, “Shall I direct you to a trade that will save you from painful punishment? Believe in God and His Messenger and strive in God’s way with your wealth and your selves” [al-Saff 61:10–11]. Concerning sale He said, “God has bought from the believers their selves and their wealth in exchange for the Garden” [al-Tawbah 9:111], which is the price.
He made it the price in the transmitted hadith about two disputants, one a wrongdoer and the other wronged, when God reconciles His creatures on the Day of Resurrection. God commands the wronged person to raise his head and look toward ʿIlliyyīn. He sees something whose beauty overwhelms him and says, “My Lord, for which prophet is this? For which martyr?” God Most High says, “For whoever gives Me its price.” He asks, “Who possesses the price of this?” He says, “You do, by pardoning this brother of yours.” He says, “My Lord, I have pardoned him.” He says, “Take your brother by the hand and enter the Garden.” When the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, related this hadith, he recited, “Be mindful of God and set matters right between you” [al-Anfal 8:1], for God reconciles His servants on the Day of Resurrection.
The believer is thus praised in the Quran for trade and sale in what he owns and is entitled
