Yazma cildi 20 · Sayfa 164

والمخالفات مقدرة في علم الله، فلا بد من وقوعها من العبد ضرورة.

فلو وقعت مع التجلي والكشف، لكان مبالغة في قلة الحياء من الله حيث يشهده ويراه، والقدر حاكم بالوقوع؛ فاحتجب رحمة بالخلق لعظم المصاب.

ألا تراهم في الأمور المدبرة بالعقل الجارية على السداد العقلي، إذا أراد الله إمضاء قضائه وقدره في أمر ما، أخفى في ذٰلك الأمر حكمته وعلمه الذي أجراه له مما لا يقتضيه نظر العقل.

فإذا أمضاه، رد عليهم عقولهم ليعلموا أن الله قد رحمهم بزوال العقل في ذٰلك الحين لرفع المطالبة.

قال صلى الله عليه وسلم: «إن الله إذا أراد إنفاذ قضائه وقدره سلب ذوي العقول عقولهم، حتى إذا أمضى فيهم قضاءه وقدره ردها عليهم ليعتبروا».

وقال صلى الله عليه وسلم: «رفع عن أمتي الخطأ والنسيان» فلا يؤاخذهم الله به في الدنيا ولا في الآخرة.

فأما في الآخرة فمجمع عليه من الكل، وأما في الدنيا فأجمعوا على رفع الذنب واختلفوا في الحكم، وكذٰلك في الخطأ على قدر ما شرع الشارع في أشخاص المسائل.

فمن أفطر ناسيا في رمضان، فطائفة أوجبت القضاء عليه مع رفع الإثم، وقوم لم يوجبوا القضاء عليه مع ارتفاع الإثم أيضا.

«فإن الله أطعمه

and contraventions are determined in God’s knowledge and must necessarily occur from the servant.

Were they to occur with self-disclosure and unveiling, it would be an excess of shamelessness before God, since he witnesses and sees Him, while determination rules that they occur. He therefore veiled Himself in mercy toward creation, because of the magnitude of the affliction.

Do you not see that in affairs governed by intellect and proceeding according to rational soundness, when God wishes to carry out His decree and determination in some affair, He conceals in it His wisdom and the knowledge He has caused to operate for it, of what rational consideration does not require?

When He has carried it out, He restores their intellects to them so they may know that God showed them mercy by removing intellect at that moment, lifting accountability.

He, may God bless him and grant him peace, said, “When God wishes to execute His decree and determination, He strips those possessing intellects of their intellects. When He has carried out His decree and determination among them, He restores them so that they may take heed.”

He, may God bless him and grant him peace, also said, “Error and forgetfulness have been lifted from my community.” God does not take them to task for this in this world or the Hereafter.

Concerning the Hereafter, all agree. Concerning this world, they agree upon the lifting of sin but disagree about the ruling. Likewise concerning error, according to what the Lawgiver has prescribed in particular questions.

For one who breaks his fast forgetfully in Ramadan, one group obligates making it up while lifting the sin, while others do not obligate making it up, likewise lifting the sin.

“For God has fed him