Yazma cildi 12 · Sayfa 140

الأمور ظاهر، ﴿وما كُنْتُمْ تَكْتُمُونَ﴾ أي ما تخفونه على أنه باطن مستور. فأعلمتكم أنه أمر نسبي، بل هو ظاهر لمن يعلمه.

ثم قال لهم بعد التعليم: ﴿اسْجُدُوا لِآدَمَ﴾ [البقرة: ٣٤] سجود المتعلمين للمعلم من أجل ما علمهم. فـ«لآدم» هنا لام العلة والسبب، أي من أجل آدم؛ فالسجود لله من أجل آدم سجود شكر لما علمهم الله من العلم به وبما خلقه في آدم عليه السلام، فعلموا ما لم يكونوا يعلمون.

فنال التقدمة عليهم بكونه علمهم، فهو أستاذهم في هذه المسألة. وبعده فما ظهرت هذه الحقيقة في أحد من البشر إلا في محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم، فقال عن نفسه إنه أوتي جوامع الكلم، وهو قوله في حق آدم عليه السلام: ﴿الْأَسْماءَ كُلَّها﴾ فكلها بمنزلة الجوامع، والكلم بمنزلة الأسماء.

ونال التقدمة بها وبالصورة التي خلقه الله عليها. قال عليه السلام: «إن الله خلق آدم على صورته» بالنشأة من أجل اليدين، وجعله بالخلافة على سورته وهي المنزلة، فأعطته الصورتان التقدم حيث لم يكن ذٰلك لغيره من المخلوقات؛ فليس فوق هذه المنزلة منزلة لمخلوق، فلا بد أن تكون له التقدمة على من سواه. وكذٰلك الأمر الذي أعطاه هٰذا يتقدم على جميع الأمور كلها.

matters is outward, “and what you were concealing,” meaning what you hide as inward and covered. I have thus informed you that this is relative: rather, it is outward to whoever knows it.

After the teaching He said to them, “Prostrate to Adam” [al-Baqarah 2:34], the learners’ prostration to the teacher for what he had taught them. The lām in “to Adam” here denotes the cause and reason, meaning “for Adam’s sake.” The prostration is therefore to God for Adam’s sake, a prostration of gratitude for the knowledge of Him that God had taught them and for what He had created in Adam, peace be upon him. They thus knew what they had not known.

He attained precedence over them by teaching them, for he is their teacher in this matter. After him, this reality appeared in no human being except Muhammad, may God bless him and grant him peace, who said of himself that he was given all-comprehensive words. This is His saying concerning Adam, peace be upon him, “All the names.” “All” is equivalent to comprehensiveness, and “words” equivalent to names.

He attained precedence through them and through the image in which God created him. He, peace be upon him, said, “God created Adam in His image,” in constitution because of the two hands, and through vicegerency He placed him upon His rank, sūrah, meaning station. The two images thus gave him precedence, since no other creature possessed this. There is no station for a creature above this station, so he must have precedence over all others. Likewise, the matter that gave him this precedes all matters.