Manuscript volume 8 · Page 70

بيعه وما صرح الله فيه بأنه يشترى خاصة فإن التجارة معاوضة وقبض ثمن، والبيع بيع ما يملكه، والشراء شراء ما ليس عندك.

وما وصف بالشراء في القرآن إلا من أشهدهم الله عن جناية فقال: ﴿أُولئِكَ الَّذِينَ اشْتَرَوُا الضَّلالَةَ بِالْهُدى والْعَذابَ بِالْمَغْفِرَةِ﴾ [البقرة: ١٧٥] وقال: ﴿إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَشْتَرُونَ بِعَهْدِ الله وأَيْمانِهِمْ ثَمَناً قَلِيلًا﴾ [آل عمران: ٧٧].

والسبب في أن المؤمن ما وصفه الله بالشراء فإنه خلقه الله وملكه جميع ما خلق الله في أرضه الذي هو مسكنه ومحله فقال: ﴿خَلَقَ لَكُمْ ما في الْأَرْضِ جَمِيعاً﴾ [البقرة: ٢٩] فجميع ما في الأرض ملكه فما بقي له ما يشتريه.

وحجر عليه الضلالة وهي صفة عدمية فإنها عين الباطل، وهو عدم ولم يأمرنا الله باتباعه فإنه من العدم خرجنا إلى الوجود فلا نطلب ما خرجنا منه هٰذا تحقيقه؛ لأنه خلقنا لنعبده فإذا اشترينا الضلالة بالهدى فقد اخترنا العدم على الوجود والباطل على الحق الذي خلقنا له فلم يصف المؤمن بالشراء.

ومما ملكه الله ما هو مباح له وما هو واجب عليه إن لا يخرجه ولا يبيعه وهي الواجبات والفرائض؛ فيبيع صنف المباحات بالواجبات فلهٰذا

to sell. God has not expressly described him as buying alone. Trade involves an exchange and taking a price. Sale is selling what one owns, and buying is buying what one does not have.

The Quran describes buying only in the case of those whose wrongdoing God makes manifest. He said, “They are those who bought error in exchange for guidance, and punishment in exchange for forgiveness” [al-Baqarah 2:175]. He said, “Those who sell God’s covenant and their oaths for a small price” [Al ʿImran 3:77].

God did not describe the believer as buying because He created him and gave him ownership of all He created on the earth, which is his dwelling and place. He said, “He created for you all that is on the earth” [al-Baqarah 2:29]. Everything on the earth therefore belongs to him, leaving him nothing to buy.

He barred him from error, which is a quality of nonexistence, for it is falsehood itself, and falsehood is nonexistence. God has not commanded us to follow it. We emerged from nonexistence into existence, so we should not seek what we have emerged from. That is its reality. He created us to worship Him. If we buy error in exchange for guidance, we choose nonexistence over existence and falsehood over the truth for which we were created. Thus He did not describe the believer as buying.

Among what God has given him to own are things permitted to him and things he is obliged to retain and not sell, namely the obligatory duties and prescribed obligations. He sells the class of permitted things for obligations. This is why